Welcome to the forum!! Hope we can answer all your questions and see photos of your tanks.
I usually open up the canister for the 1st time after 2 months to see how much gunk has accumulated. Another way to tell is when the output pressure is reduced. A lot depends on the size of your tank, how many fish, how often & what you feed your fish.
When it is time to clean the filter, just rinse the 'hard' media in a pail of clean fish tank water. The coarse blue media pad is rinsed in dechlorinated water & the fine white pad is usually replaced though sometimes I rinse mine out if it's still white looking.
I only use the optional carbon when removing medications from the tank.
I usually open up the canister for the 1st time after 2 months to see how much gunk has accumulated. Another way to tell is when the output pressure is reduced. A lot depends on the size of your tank, how many fish, how often & what you feed your fish.
When it is time to clean the filter, just rinse the 'hard' media in a pail of clean fish tank water. The coarse blue media pad is rinsed in dechlorinated water & the fine white pad is usually replaced though sometimes I rinse mine out if it's still white looking.
I only use the optional carbon when removing medications from the tank.